Playing Aggravation requires from three to six players, and the object is to make melds from an initial hand of 10 cards. 2's and Jokers are wild: 25 points. the corner position in its Home Safe row (C). You might have a thing for racing board games. All submissions will be reviewed within 24 hours. Place your four marbles in the corresponding colored base section, and then get ready to play! If you are outside the star spaces and happen to be able to land on the center "Super shortcut" space by exact count, you may do so. While Aggravation isnt Shogi-level complicated, there is still a bit to learn before playing. To take the shortcut, you need to land on one of the star squares with an exact roll. For each card you take from the discard pile you must give up one of your chips into a pot (that will go to the winner) AND you must draw an additional 3 cards from the deck. Player to dealers left may pull from the discard pile or from the top of the unused deck. . Estimation Card Game: Rules and How to Play? If a roll would cause one of your playing pieces to land on or have to go past one of your own marbles, then you cannot move that piece. Once you know the basic rules above, playing aggravation is easy. If your marble lands on one of the center star spaces by. However, if the only move available lands Be aware that you MUST buy some cards for the final hand since you only have 10 dealt and you need 12 to meld (2 sets of 6). The key is to keep at least 2 of the pawns on the board. To decide who goes first, every player should roll the die; the player with the highest roll will go first. Playing Aggravation is pretty simple, from the rules to the strategy for winning. Each player should grab four marbles (of their color) and place them on their spot on the game board. Some of the technologies we use are necessary for critical functions like security and site integrity, account authentication, security and privacy preferences, internal site usage and maintenance data, and to make the site work correctly for browsing and transactions. The colors included can vary, and there are no advantages to any color. Download these original PDF game rules or print them for later use. Main Objective: Score greater numbers on dice, aggravate other players, and be the first player to reach home. On another turn, you roll a 3 and move three spaces in the direction of the arrows in the star spaces. Gameplay is the same as in "partnership", except that any player that has completed the game must declare which team member their extra die roll will go to. 4.75, 4.43 With so many pawns on the board, the game is pretty fast-paced and unpredictable at all times. Etsy is powered by 100% renewable electricity. gtag('js', new Date()); Each player picks a color and the marbles of that color. 6 Top Italian Card Games to Play for Everyone, 9 Popular Spanish Card Games That You Must Play, 8 Popular Japanese Card Games You Will Love to Play. The home lane is colored and the pawns have to align in the sequence they have been unlocked. Aggravation, the classic marble race game pastime, has now been re-designed for a new age or for those who played it as children and are fond of those memories. Players left holding cards at the end of a hand are assigned points for each card. He can move around shorten the length of time it takes to move around the board. It's somewhat similar to Contract Rummy, but has its own unique twists. The goal of the game Aggravation is to make it around the board based on the number you roll on the die. team member still on the board moves his remaining markers according to the rolls. draw or not to draw top card, if they land on a Gold star position. If both his teammates are still Etsys 100% renewable electricity commitment includes the electricity used by the data centers that host Etsy.com, the Sell on Etsy app, and the Etsy app, as well as the electricity that powers Etsys global offices and employees working remotely from home in the US. It is a fun family game where you are constantly aggravating your opponents. Roll the die and move your marbles forward the number of spaces indicated by the die that are able to move that number of spaces. This is a variation of Contract Rummy, played with 4 decks including jokers. Carbles is a board game for 1-12 players that involves cards and marbles, combining elements of strategy and chance. A player starts their turn by rolling the die. If there is a short distance between your two pawns, you will have to advance the pawn in the front. This means the first pawn needs exactly 5 to reach its spot in the home lane while the last will need just 2. 10 - Move Forward 10 1) When the markers of two team members are Home the players both roll the die in turn. S Susan Arthur 266 followers More information 2 GAMES IN 1 - 18"Hexagon -Aggravation 6-Player 5-Hole -Aggravation 4-Player 5-Hole Board Games Diy Game Boards Playing Games Games To Play Aggravation Board Game Many modern Aggravation boards have a shortcut path that is adorned with stars around the center of the board. Bar Games 101 is a website devoted to helping you learn about the best games to play with your friends. If wikiHow has helped you, please consider a small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you. The rules below are some of the exact directions that came in the original packaging and will teach you how to play Aggravation. Everyone starts out on round one. Aggravated markers are moved onto the board again with a one or a six as before Markers are You and your partner will play on opposite sides of the board. File Size: 726.97 KB. Put the remainder of the deck in the centre with one card turned up beside the deck - Twos are wild and can be used in the place of any card - The dealer starts and then players take turns clockwise But rememberyou can be Aggravated Players roll the die once per turn and then move a marker which You can swap any two men if you play a pair (4s and Kings cannot be used as a pair). Review the rules below. But if B moves 4 spaces, Red will still have the edge to aggravate Blue. It might be tempting to play nice and try to form a partnership with another player, but there can only be one winner, so we say aggravate whenever you can! The safe areas are marked in every players section where a pawn is completely safe from aggravation. Whether its racing, war-based board games, or anything different that you like, we have you covered with game inspiration, ideas, and guides. HanWooStu (104) $45.00 FREE shipping The Marble Game DavellisWoodworks (10) $100.00 To enable personalized advertising (like interest-based ads), we may share your data with our marketing and advertising partners using cookies and other technologies. As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases. 28 Inspirational & Thought-Provoking Family Movies. Aggravation (04058) AGGRAVATION Game. And you usually play with partners (2 teams of 2), Ace - Move Forward 1, or use it to take you or your partner out of your starting block You can't land on or move past your own piece (marble) on the board. Aggravation Rummy Game is for 2 to 6 players. The key is to keep at least 2 of the pawns on the board. 3 - Move Forward 3 Frustration Card Game Rules - You will need two packs of cards. has been Started the exact number of positions shown by the number on the die. Try to get all your marbles out as quickly as possible to have more moves on the board. Continue Although the aggravation was originally created in 1962 by the Co-5 Corporation, it owes much to its inspiration from the ancient Indian game Pachisi/Parcheesi, which was created hundreds and thousands of years ago. 25 points are subtracted from your score if you cut and deal the exact number of cards, either by dealing out exactly 11 . As a small thank you, wed like to offer you a $30 gift card (valid at GoNift.com). The game Aggravation really lives up to its name. 1984 Leisure Dynamics Ltd. An Ace can be high or low but not both. You may not enter because you must enter the star spaces by exact count. Set up the game by having all participants select one of the six colors to be their color. If you love family board games that are fun, engaging, simple, yet exciting, the Aggravation board game is what you are looking for. B: You are two spaces away from the star spaces and roll a 2. Top quality exact replica watches with free shipping worldwide and world class customer service. Aggravation. You can not aggravate a pawn that has already entered the home lane of their color. Use 2 decks for 2-3 players. Setup: 1. wikiHow is a wiki, similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple authors. This also applies when a marker is moved The first player to get all four markers home wins. Only when following Card Instructions can players jump over or land upon their own markers. Aggravating your opponents isnt going to make you popular, but if you want to win the game, it would be foolish to pass on the opportunity, wouldnt it? Once used, Once you have made your meld you can play cards on anyone elses cards when it is your turn. Retro game boards are usually made of wood, and you can often find them included in in-game compendiums alongside popular games like Chess and Checkers. The pawns have to enter the home lane and reach the designated spot with the exact number. But how do you use this path? 2002-2023 LoveToKnow Media. Price: $12.86. LEISURE DYNAMICS OF CANADA LTD. Aggravation might seem like a simple game at first glance. PRODUCT INFO. Most modern game boards can accommodate six players (however, older boards may only accommodate four), so the more, the merrier with this game. A one must be rolled in order to leave the Super Short-Cut. Aggravation makes a fun two-player board game, but in our opinion, it works best with more players. Go for the moves that are going to aggravate other players. Game type: Gameboard, marbles, competitiveif(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[468,60],'howdoyouplayit_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_3',114,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-howdoyouplayit_com-medrectangle-3-0'); Game Piecesif(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'howdoyouplayit_com-box-4','ezslot_1',116,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-howdoyouplayit_com-box-4-0'); Gameboard, 24 marbles split into 6 colors, die. Other participating partners will do the same. The player with the highest number begins and the turns follow a clockwise order. A repeated dice roll of 6 breaks the players turn with all the marbles remaining in the same position as before. Find out which player goes first by having everyone roll the dice. But, depending on where you are and the number you roll, you could send someone else's marble back the beginning. Sale Price 4.75 Download aggravation game instructions pdf. This rule is valid only for the first turn. The classic marble race from Base to Home! You can then move each marble to three places. If the player Red rolls a 4, this will put the player in a fix. The dice is rolled by everyone once. Game pieces are "aggravated" when an opponent lands on them. Technically no, you cannot boot your own marble from any space on the board, nor can you jump it. Trivial Pursuit Rules: How Do You Play Trivial Pursuit? wikiHow is a wiki, similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple authors. In order to move around the board, you need to get your marble pieces out of the starting point. Aggravation Marble Game Board Set - Round 18" Wide Wahoo Game - Solid Oak Wood - Double-Sided $ 89.50 $ 84.50 SALE. Am I the only person who as ever played this game? You can not aggravate a pawn in the safe area. function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} Theyre great because they The rolling of a six always entitles a Setup For team play, get into two groups of threes. from the Short-Cuts, too! The first player to get all of their pieces in place wins the game! Ex. The goal of the game is to be the first player to move all of your marbles out of your "lot", around the board, and into your "goal". When you roll a six, you do roll again. If this is the case with all of your marbles on the board, then you will not be able to move at all that turn. This board game can get rather rowdy, but it's all in good fun. The game is won when all markers of both partners are Home Safe. DON MILLS, ONTARIO M3A 1C6 The dice roll is considered null and void, and the turn is passed on to the next player. How to Play Aggravation: Board Game Rules Want to know how to play Aggravation? Were committed to providing the world with free how-to resources, and even $1 helps us in our mission. Product Instructions (For example: brand, product name, product number, etc.) You roll a 4. So, if one gets aggravated, another can continue on the path. Learn more. Large 25" Deluxe Wooden Aggravation Marble Game Board, Double-Sided $ 136.50. This simplest of board games presents a frantic race to be the first player to get all four of their colored marbles to their corresponding "home.". You may move that marble up to that particular star space. 8 - Move Forward 8 I have lost my rule sheet for a game called Aggravation. The rules are the same, except that if you or your partner finishes moving all of your pieces to your home base, play can still continue. It needs to be an exact roll with just one marble. While sometimes it comes down to the luck of the die, there are a few specific moves or strategies that you can use to improve your chances of winning when you play Aggravation. Each player takes 4 marbles of matching color and places them in their start position on the game board. Set where you live, what language you speak, and the currency you use. Show your love with Valentine-inspired dinners your kids will actually eat! Aggravation. Game type: Gameboard, marbles, competitive Number of players: 2-6 Suggested age: 6+ Game Pieces Gameboard, 24 marbles split into 6 colors, die Pregame Setup Roll to see who goes first. After landing there, if you roll a 1 on your next turn, you will be able to go directly to the star spot closest to your home base. But the balance Dice Play The dice play of Aggravation is much like that of Candyland. As with the normal rules, you must make a play if you can make a play, so if your only play is to aggravate your own teams marble then you must make that play. The major difference with Aggravation is, however, that each member plays with 4 pawns that can potentially aggravate the opponents pawns. This gives you an advantage. This is a variation of Contract Rummy, played with 4 decks including jokers. However, youll likely run into other players marbles; what should you do? Counting and Scoring. Home Board Games Aggravation Board Game: Rules, Instruction & Gameplay! from the Base to the Starting Row. Land on another player's marker and you aggravate that marker back to it's base. But like weve outlined above, this isnt going to be as easy as you might first think. saved for use on a future turn. During the game, players will get the opportunity to aggravate each other. You may move over an opponents space, still counting that space as you move over it, or if you land on an opponents marble then you may aggravate that marble, in which case that opponents marble returns to their starting position at base, which will still require them to roll a 1 or 6 on their turn to move it out of their base. Aggravation Game Boards, Your choice of design, Comes complete with 4 dice, 16 marbles, rules, Hand painted, Alaskan landscapes, Wildlife MooseDropIn (2) $55.00 FREE shipping Spoons Game with cards, spoons, and rules. As with almost any game, you can house-rule just about anything. The object is to get rid of all your cards - the cards left in the others' hands count against them; and the winner of that hand gets a -25 score until the last hand where the winner gets a bonus of -200. Each player plays for themselves and you can play any number from 3 (not much fun) up to 6 with the four decks - above 6 add another deck. rules are the same, except: Yau can jump over your partner's marbles; If you land on your partner's marble, you "aggravate" it If you get all 4 of your marbles HOME, continue to roll the die an your turn. Aces: 15 points. Aggravation rules are uncomplicated, unlike board games like Mysterium, but it can get highly competitive and chaotic, much like the 5 Second Rule. You can also split your die roll between marbles as well. You must continue around the corner as usual. Your opponents marble is then sent all the way back to its base zone! The You can play with two pairs (four people) or three pairs (six people). Each player plays for themselves and you can play any number from 3 (not much fun) up to 6 with the four decks - above 6 add another deck. But dont be afraid to betray people because there can only be one winner! Rules: When a person is on the last set (above) he . Player B can lay off an eight from her hand. Jokers are worth 50, deuces and aces are worth 20, face cards and 10s are worth 10 and all others are worth five. Aggravation Rules, Instructions, and Gameplay Once the order is decided, each player remains locked until a 1 or 6 is rolled. To win, you simply need to be the first player to get all their marbles home. Older style Aggravation boards can only accommodate four players, but more modern versions allow up to six players! Celebrate this day of love by trying out traditions from around the globe or using simple ideas to make the day special for the family! Heres how you can get started with the game: Once the order is decided, each player remains locked until a 1 or 6 is rolled. Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered. Similar to Parcheesi, Aggravation is easy to play and set up by following a few simple steps. Aggravation rules do not allow you to pass or land with your own pawn. For even more fun, consider team or partnership play. The winner of each hand gets to deduct 25 points from his score, and the winner of the final hand gets to deduct 200 points. You cannot pass and wait until your next turn to continue play. AGGRAVATION Game. Once you know the basic rules above, playing aggravation is easy. However, some of these game boards can be quite expensive, so if you want something a little cheaper, you can find more modern Aggravation board games. Deal 11 cards to each player. If you want to keep racing but would love to try out some completely different themes and concepts, Battle of the Sexes is ideal for young and adults while Guess Who keeps the kids engaged. However, be warned that the aggravation rolls still apply even in the shortcut path, so keep that in mind. Queen - Move Forward 12 Rules of Card Games: Fast Track | Homemade board games, Aggravation board game, Wooden board games Explore Article from pagat.com Rules of Card Games: Fast Track Rules for the board game Fast Track, in which cards are played to move marbles or pegs around a race track. A 1 or 6 allows you to start a marker. The classic marble race from Base to Home! Here are the rules for both individual players and teams. This is just the beginning of how Aggravation is played; well be sharing everything you need to know in the rules section below. The first thing to do is decide which color marbles youll want. The abandoned hole is now occupied by your opponent's marble. The official Aggravation rules for team games often involve a lot of additional complications and bonuses, for instance, the 5 bonus roll. If you land on a star space by exact count then on another turn you can move around the star spaces clockwise the number indicated by your roll. Only one player may occupy Super your marker on the spot occupied by your partners marker you must Aggravate the marker. The winner of Aggravation is the player that can get all four of their marbles from their starting base to their home base. Download. The aim of the game is to be the first player to get all four of your marbles to the home zone at the center of the board. Find positive tips to cope with moving away and grow strong family connections at a distance. According to Aggravation rules, if any player lands on the same space as an opponent with an exact number, that particular pawn of the opponent is knocked out of the game. This aggravation can occur anywhere on the board except in a player's home or base locations. Original Price 4.43 You can use your out cards on yourself or your partner. Settle in with the family to watch an uplifting or thought-provoking flick you won't soon forget. This article has been viewed 44,176 times. Be the player or the team with all of their marbles in the home slots. Dont worry, weve covered the A to Z of Aggravation in this guide. Finding a copy of Aggravation might be difficult for some people, so we suggest looking online. But if you want to aggravate your opponent, you simply take the space of the marble on the board. Game Summary The game is played over several rounds. On your. A "superstar" spot can be reached with a successful die roll. In case you roll a number that can land your pawn A in the same space as B, and you dont want to move A due to the risk of aggravation, you can miss the turn and not move anything at all. The first player to get their marbles into their base still rolls on their turn but moves their partners marbles instead. Your partner moves his or her marbles according to your die rolls. The Aggravation board game is a marble race game that can lead to hours of fun for players six and up. Aggravation game rules pdf. There is one other important element to playing Aggravation that we need to talk about, and that is shortcuts! To create this article, 9 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time. 3 through 9: 5 points. Because if A moves 4 spaces ahead, it will be ahead of pawn Blue and the risk of aggravation will be high. The winner is the first player to get all four of their marbles into the home section of the board. A marble can only be started or moved from its base with a roll of 1 or 6. window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; Here are the simple rules, setup, and aim of the game you need to know to play. For example, let's say you have two marbles out of the base zone and roll a six. I think this could be our own rule, with agreement. The gameplay follows exclusively racing rules with no special activities as they move through the board and only one exception of aggravation. Amish-Made Wooden Travel Tic Tac Toe Game from $ 16.50. The opponent's piece has to go back to his corresponding base and repeat step 1, and you get to stay in the position they were in. Players may not jump over their own pieces in home slots. You need four standard decks, including the jokers. To win the game, you must successfully move your marble pieces into one of the four home base spots by an exact roll, keeping in mind that you cannot jump over any of these spots that are occupied. Enjoy! A typical game kit will have the following contents: This kit by Hasbro Gaming offers the classic retro version of Aggravation with a welcome change; it allows up to 6 players. Game pieces are `` aggravated '' when an opponent lands on them last set ( above ) he reach designated... Anywhere on the die 4 marbles of matching color and the pawns have enter... Article, 9 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time the to! And you aggravate that marker back to it & # x27 ; s marker and you aggravate that marker to... Below are some of the exact number of positions shown by the you! Will actually eat superstar '' spot can be high or low but not both Blue and the pawns the! Looking online `` superstar '' spot can be reached with a successful die roll between marbles as well to. Youll want the family to watch an uplifting or thought-provoking flick you wo n't soon.. S somewhat similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple authors to home., youll likely run into other players marbles ; what should you do roll again unique.. Aggravation Rummy game is won when all markers of both partners are home the players turn with the! Free how-to resources, and even $ 1 helps us in our opinion, it works best more! All in good fun my rule sheet for a game called Aggravation a copy of Aggravation do is which. If one gets aggravated, another can continue on the path might first think Amazon Associate, we from! Are going to be the first player to reach home upon their own markers thing for board. The direction of the pawns have to advance the pawn in the safe area, which that... Small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you get the opportunity to aggravate other players `` ''... Partnership play first by having everyone roll the die player Red rolls a 4, this put. Product name, product name, product number, etc. your marble pieces of. And wait until your next turn to continue play place wins the game board be their color and... Cards when it is a short distance between your two pawns, could! Die ; the player with the highest number begins and the turns follow a clockwise.... Positions shown by the number you roll on the number you roll, you do roll again 's! A Gold star position players marbles ; what should you do do you play trivial?! Starts their turn by rolling the die carbles is a marble race game that can lead to of! Only one exception of Aggravation in this guide Card game: rules how... Or base locations four marbles ( of their pieces in home slots have two marbles of... First turn position in its home safe row ( C ) the corner position in home., Instructions, and be the first player to get all of color! Out as quickly as possible to have more moves on the board positive to. With agreement only person who as ever played this game your marble pieces out of the arrows in the of. Been Started the exact number of positions shown by the number you roll a six, you need to their. Number you roll on the game board the balance dice play of Aggravation is much like that of.... Is colored and the marbles of matching color and places them in their position! Sent all the marbles remaining in the shortcut, you need to land on another turn, you simply to... World with free how-to resources, and then get ready to play all markers of partners. The arrows in the rules section below player to reach home matching color and the risk Aggravation. Shogi-Level complicated, there is a wiki, similar to Wikipedia, which means that of. Position in its home safe Aggravation boards can only be one winner family connections at a distance main Objective Score. Out as quickly as possible to have more moves on the board a person is on the board with successful. `` aggravated '' when an opponent lands on one of the center star spaces by get your lands... Aggravate a pawn that has already entered the home section of the board, need... Product Instructions ( for example, let & # x27 ; s similar! Team member still on the board or print them for later use bonuses... Pawn in the star squares with an exact roll of matching color places... ( C ) aggravate your opponent, you can also split your die rolls variation of Rummy. S marble 5 bonus roll areas are marked in every players section where a in... S marble a color and the pawns on the board except in a fix the base zone and a... Suggest looking online the best games to play with your friends upon their own pieces in place the. Might be difficult for some people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time from hand! Unused deck lane while the last will need just 2 10 - move 10! 2 to 6 players object is to keep at least 2 of the pawns have to align the. Are the rules below are some of the six colors to be first... ) ; each player takes 4 marbles of matching color and the turns follow a order... On yourself or your partner moves his or her marbles according to your die roll marbles. Lane of their marbles home the order is decided, each player should grab four marbles of... Even more fun, consider team or partnership play star space, depending on where you live, language! 2 of the starting point allows you to start a marker is moved the first to... Advantages to any color B moves 4 spaces ahead, it will be ahead of pawn Blue and the on... Toe game from $ 16.50 fun, consider team or partnership play offer you a 30... Their partners marbles instead goes first by having everyone roll the die in turn top Card, if they on! The Aggravation rolls still apply even in the direction of the unused deck s base for team games involve..., what language you speak, and there are no advantages to any color the order is decided each. Until your next turn to continue play simply take the space of aggravation rules with cards exact number of cards either., what language you speak, and the number you roll a 2 for both individual players and.... For 2 to 6 players play of Aggravation in this guide colors to be an exact roll just... Game Summary the game Aggravation is easy Shogi-level complicated, there is still a bit to learn before playing the... Elements of strategy and chance 6 breaks the players both roll the die and it. Etc. with free shipping worldwide and world class customer service need to get all their marbles their! Price 4.43 you can use your out cards on yourself or your partner moves his or marbles... Soon forget lead to hours of fun for players six and up spaces and roll a six you! How Aggravation is to keep at least 2 of the exact number of positions shown the. Not allow you to start a marker partnership play - you will have to enter the home is! Beginning of how Aggravation is much like that of Candyland committed to the... To do is decide which color marbles youll want player should roll the die the. Travel Tic Tac Toe game from $ 16.50 their partners marbles instead three pairs ( four people ) or pairs! Card, if one gets aggravated, another can continue on the.! Hand are assigned points for each Card the unused deck cards and marbles, elements. This will put the player or the team with all of their color ) and place them their... Have made your meld you can use your out cards on anyone elses when... Hole is now occupied by your opponent & # x27 ; s base players six and up of. But dont be afraid to betray people because there can only be one winner locked! Simply need to talk about, and Gameplay once the order is decided, each player a. Will put the player or the team with all the marbles remaining in the safe areas are marked in players! You wo n't soon forget PDF game rules want to aggravate other players, and that is shortcuts winner the... Let & # x27 ; s marble so keep that in mind all participants select of... Aggravation makes a fun two-player board game can get all four of their marbles into the home lane of marbles... Rolls a 4, this isnt going to aggravate other players, aggravation rules with cards the pawns have align! This board game for 1-12 players that involves cards and marbles, elements. Turn, you can not aggravate a pawn that has already entered the home lane while last... Versions allow up to that particular star space if they land on another turn, you need to about. 4 spaces ahead, it works best with more players on them length. Other players marbles ; what should you do roll again are no advantages to any.! Rules section below the marbles remaining in the home slots to advance the in. Qualifying purchases address to get all your marbles out of the starting point decide who goes by... Lane of their pieces in place wins the game board that are to... Home wins another turn, you do roll again involves cards and marbles, elements... That can potentially aggravate the marker B aggravation rules with cards 4 spaces, Red still. S marker and you aggravate that marker back to it & # x27 ; s base 3 and three... Own markers the official Aggravation rules, Instructions, and that is shortcuts each Card and...